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名师英语语法课堂名词性从句,英语名词性从句归纳总结

2023-06-21 18:09:03
本内容由小编为大家分享关于招生简章、录取分数、报名考试、志愿填报等教育信息。英语语法名词性从句知识   英语语法让很多学生都头疼,尤其是名词性从句方面的知识。以下是由小编整理关于英语语法名词性从句知识的内容,希望大家喜欢!   英语语

本内容由小编为大家分享关于招生简章、录取分数、报名考试、志愿填报等教育信息。

英语语法名词性从句知识

  英语语法让很多学生都头疼,尤其是名词性从句方面的知识。以下是由小编整理关于英语语法名词性从句知识的内容,希望大家喜欢!

  英语语法名词性从句知识(一)

  用来充作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。如:

  He asked what you were doing last night. 他问你昨天夜晚在干什么。

  I didn’t know that he was wounded in the accident. 我原来不知道他在那事故中受了伤。

  Can you explain why he didn’t come to the party last Sunday? 你能解释上周星期日他为什么没有来参加聚会吗?

  在宾语从句中须注意:

  1. that 在口语中常被省略,但在正式的文体中,不能省;并且它一般不能引导介词的宾语从句,但可引导except, but, in 等少数介词的宾语从句。如:

  I didn’t know (that) he was Li Lei. 我不知道他就是李蕾。

  I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill. 只要我身体舒服,我愿做任何事情来帮助你。

  2. 宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时,一般须用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句放到句末,此时的that不能省。如:

  The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys. 那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩弄他的玩具。

  3. 动词advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(坚决主张), order, propose, request, suggest(建议)等代的宾语从句须用虚拟语气,即:(should) do的形式。

  He asked that we (should) get there before nine o’clock. 他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。

  The teacher advised us that we (should) not waste our time. 老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。

  4. 宾语从句的时态与主句的时态须呼应。

  1)当主句谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时,从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态表示。如:

  He always says that he is our good friend. 他总是说他是我们的好朋友。

  When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed. 当老师知道我们所干的事情时,他会说我们做了一件好事。

  2)当主句谓语动词的时态为过去时,从句的谓语动词须用响应的过去时。如:

  He didn’t tell us he came from Shanghai. 他没有告诉我们他来自上海。

  He said he had read the book. 他说他读过这本书。

  3)但当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实,而不受时间的限制时,即使主句谓语动词为过去时,从句仍用一般现在时。如

  Chairman Mao said that all the imperialists are paper tigers. 毛主席说一切帝国主义者都是纸老虎。

  When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world. 我们还是小孩子的时候,人们就告诉我们说中国在世界的东方。

  英语语法名词性从句知识(二)

  引导宾语从句的that在下列情况下一般不省略:

  1. 宾语从句前有插入语。如:

  We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们呆在家里。

  2. 有间接宾语时。如:

  He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。

  3. that在与之并列的另一个宾语从句之后。如:

  He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children like to read it.他说那本书很有趣,所有小孩都喜欢读。

  4. 在“it(形式宾语)+补语”之后时。如:

  I think it necessary that he should stay here. 我们认为他有必要留在这里。

  5. that从句单独回答问题时。如:

  —What did he hear? 他听说了什么事?

  —That Kate had passed the exam. (他听说)凯特考试及格了。

  6. 在except等介词后。如:

  He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.他除了抽烟太多之外,没有什么特别的毛病。

  7. 位于句首时。如:

  That our team will win, I believe. 我相信我们队会赢。

  8. 在较为正式或不常用的动词(如reply, object)后。如:

  He replied that he disagreed. 他回答说他不同意。

  英语语法名词性从句知识(三)

  在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句,包括作主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

  (1)主语从句

  就是在复合句中作主语的从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导。如:

  Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否来还是问题。

  That China is a great socialist country is well known. 众所周知,中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。

  注:为避免头重脚轻,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将主语从句后置。如上述第二例常说成:

  It is well known that China is a great socialist country.

  但是,由连接代词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用形式主语。如:

  What he found surprised me greatly. 他的发现使我非常吃惊。

  Whoever is finished may rest. 凡是做完工的人都可以休息。

  (2)表语从句

  就是在连系动词之后作表语的从句。引导表语从句的连接除与引导主语从句的连接词外,还有as if, as though。如:

  The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 问题是他能否单独做这件事。

  It looks as if (though) it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪似的。

  注意:要区分以下句式:

  1. that’s why+结果;that’s because+原因。2. the reason why /for…is that…

  He is absent. That’s because he is ill. 他缺席,这是因为他生病了。

  He is ill. That’s why he is absent. 他病了,这就是他缺席的原因。

  The reason why he is absent is that he is ill. 他缺席的原因是他生病了。

  (3)宾语从句

  就是在复合句中作宾语的从句。引导这宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。如:

  They didn’t say which they wanted. 他们没有说他们想要哪一个。

  I am sure (that) no harm will ever come to you. 我肯定你永远不会受伤害。

  I was surprised at what has happened.我对发生的事感到惊讶。

  注意:当think, believe, suppose等的疑问式后面跟连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句时,习惯这些连接词置于句首,即“连接代/副词+do you think /believe /expect+宾语从句的其余部分?”如:

  Who do you think is the best player this year? 你认为今年谁是最佳运动员?

  What do you suppose you will do after school? 你想放学后干什么?

  (4)同位语从句

  就是在句中作同位语的从句。它通常有放在thought, idea, news, word(=news), plan, doubt, question, fact, suggestion, belief等抽象名词的后面,说明这些词的具体内容或含义。同位语从句大多由that引导,也可由whether, how, when, where, why等引导,但不能由which引导。如:

  The idea that the earth is round is not a new one. “地球是圆的”这种观点并不新鲜。

  He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意此事这们一问题。

  I have no idea when he will set out. 我不知他什么时候出发。

  注:有时,同位语从句并不紧跟在它所说明的词的后面。如:

  The whole truth came out at last that he was a wolf in sheep’s clothing. 真相终于大白了,他原来是一只披羊皮的狼。


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